Cervical cancer is basically the abnormal growth of cells in the cervix, the region of the uterus joining the vagina.
It affects the entrance of the womb. Cervical cancer snatched many women’s life previously but now the death rate due to cervical cancer has been reduced using the PAP test. Cervical cancer is very common among women and the recovery rate got increased more from previous times.
Initially, a person may not experience any symptoms.
So women should have regular PAP tests. It is preventive.
Symptoms
a. bleeding between periods
b. bleeding after sexual intercourse
c. bleeding in post-menopausal women
d. discomfort during sexual intercourse
e. vaginal discharge with a strong odor
f. vaginal discharge tinged with blood
g. pelvic pain
Causes
The causes of this disease vary, but the main cause is the complications associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a sexually transmitted disease that slows down the ability of cervical cells to suppress tumors. Other causes include smoking, low socioeconomic status, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the virus that causes AIDS.
weakened immune system and Long Term use of Birth control pills are also the causes of this disease.
Stages
There are five stages of cervical cancer.
Stage 0: This is the initial stage. Precancerous cells are present.
Stage 1: Cancer cells grow from the surface into deeper tissues of the cervix, and gradually into the uterus.
Stage 2: Cancer moves beyond the cervix and uterus, but not as far as the walls of the pelvis or the lower part of the vagina.
Stage 3: Cancer cells exist in the lower part of the vagina. and it may block the ureters, the tubes that carry urine from the bladder.
Stage 4: Cancer affects the bladder and grows out of the pelvis. It might or might not affect the lymph nodes. Finally, in stage 4, it spreads to distant organs, including the liver, bones, lungs, and lymph nodes.
Vaccine
This HPV vaccine can prevent most cases of cervical cancer if the vaccine is given before girls or women are exposed to the virus. This vaccine can also prevent vaginal cancer. Besides this, the vaccine can prevent genital warts, anal cancers, and mouth, throat, head, and neck cancers in women and men.
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